Lehne: Pharmacology for Nursing Care,

Open-Book Quiz

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: ________________

1.	Three uses of diuretics include ___________________, _______________, and _______________________.

2.	_____________________ is the principal mineralocorticoid of the adrenal cortex; it stimulates reabsorption of ______________ from the ___________________.

3.	Most diuretics share the same basic mechanism of action: they _______________. The greatest diuresis is produced by those drugs that _________________.

4.	Adverse effects caused by diuretics on the extracellular fluid include _______________, _______________, and ________________________.

5.	The four major categories of diuretic drugs include ___________________, __________________, ____________________, and __________________.

6.	Situations that require rapid or massive mobilization of fluid are usually treated with ____________________.

7.	The most widely used thiazide diuretic is ________________, whose primary indication for use is _____________________.

8.	The potassium-sparing diuretics have recently been found to have a positive impact on the treatment of __________________.

9.	Mannitol promotes diuresis by __________________________________.

10.	Patients who should use thiazide diuretics with caution include ____________________, __________________, ___________________, ____________________, __________________, ___________________, and ____________________.

Agents Affecting the Volume and Ion Content of Body Fluids

1.	Maintenance of fluid volume and osmolality is primarily the job of the ________________.

2.	Volume contraction is defined as ____________ in total body water; volume expansion is defined as _____________ in total body water.

3.	Normal plasma sodium content is ___________________.

4.	When a patient experiences a decrease in the total volume of extracellular fluid, and there is no change in osmolality, the situation is referred to as _______________________.

5.	A patient with lack of aldosterone is most likely to develop which disorder of fluid volume and osmolality? ___________________

6.	Use of which drug is most likely to cause respiratory alkalosis? _____________

7.	In most cases, metabolic alkalosis can be corrected by ______________________________________.

8.	In the presence of extracellular alkalosis, potassium uptake by cells is enhanced, causing _________________. Extracellular acidosis promotes the exit of potassium from cells, thereby causing _______________.

9.	Symptoms of mild intoxication of magnesium include ___________, ____________, and__________________. At higher concentrations, __________ and___________ are seen

10.	IV solutions of potassium chloride must be diluted to ______________ and infused _____________________.

Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

1.	The most prominent actions of angiotensin II are ______________ and ___________________.

2.	What effect does aldosterone have on the kidneys? _______________________

3.	The vasculature of which organ is especially rich in ACE? ________________

4.	The most prominent adverse effects of ACE inhibitors include ___________, ________, and ________________.

5.	Which ACE inhibitor is given intravenously? _____________________

6.	The principal protective mechanism of the ACE inhibitors for diabetic and nondiabetic nephropathy is ___________________________.

7.	Angiotensin II receptor blockers exert their therapeutic effect by ____________.

8.	_________________ is the first representative of a new class of drugs, selective aldosterone receptor blockers.