Medication
(generic and trade)	
Action	
Usual Dosage and Route	
SE
(top 2 or 3)	
Why was this medication given
to THIS patient?
What was the result?	

Oxytocin
pitocin	Acts directly on myofibrils producing uterine contractions, also stimulates milk ejection.	For stimulation of labor, IV 1-2 mU/min q15-60min until contractions start, then lower dose.	Mom-Seizures hypo/hypertension increased pulse
Baby-Jaundice hypoxia intracranial bleeding	Was given to induce labor. Labor starts=baby born

	

Vicodin
analgesic	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the NS & other tissues to block pain.	2.5-10mg every 4-6 hrs.	Shallow breathing slow heartbeat fainting confusion seizures constipation	For Mom after birth; pain gets better.

	

Tylenol#3
analgesic	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the NS & other tissues to block pain	1-2 Tab.s every 4hrs 12tabs max in 24hr period	Liver damage if to large of dose is taken
	For moderate pain; moderate pain will subside

Tylenol ES
analgesic	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the NS & other tissues to block pain	15ml every 4hrs	Liver damage if to large of dose is taken
	For moderate pain; moderate pain will subside

Percocet
Analgesic	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the NS & other tissues to block pain	2.5-5mg every 6hrs	Drowsiness dizziness constipation	For moderate pain; moderate pain will subside
	
Ibuprofen

analgesic	Interferes with the prostaglandins involved in pain.  Prostaglandins appear to sensitize pain receptors to mechanical stimulation or to other chemical mediators.  Inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins peripherally.	Tablets:  200, 400, 600 and 800 mg	Erosion of the gastric mucosa, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, heartburn, nausea	Swelling after surgery; tenderness, pain, inflammation, stiffness, not as much swelling and tenderness after med	
PNV

prenatal vitamins	Provide all the extra nutrition that food doesn’t give the baby through the placenta	Follow what the dr. says or the bottle of PNV	Upset stomach headache, or unpleasant taste in mouth	Vitamin to help the baby grow and develop, baby grows and develops fully	
Prostaglandin

Cervidil	Stimulates myometrial contractions in the gravid uterus that are similar to the contractions that occur in natural labor	Vaginal insert is 10mg; should be removed upon onset of active labor or 12 hrs after insertion	tightness in chest, swelling of the mouth, severe stomach or pelvic pain	Labor induction, labor will start	
Misoprostol

Cytotec	Stimulates mymetrial contractions in the gravid uterus that are similar to the contractions that occur in natural labor	100mcg or 200mcg oral tablets	Mild to moderate diarrhea, stomach cramps and/or nausea	Labor induction, labor will start	
Nubain

pain reliever	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the nervous system and other tissues to block pain	10 mg for a 70kg individual, administered subcutaneously, im or iv	Weak or shallow breathing, fast or slow heart rate cold, clammy skin, confusion, hallucinations	Taking as a pain reliever, not as much pain after med	
Stadol

pain reliever	Binds to specific opiod receptors in the nervous system and other tissues to block pain	IV:  1mg repeated every 3 to 4 hours as necessary	Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, flushing, lightheadedness, headache, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth	Taking as a pain reliever, not as much pain after med	
Vistaril

relaxor	Blocks effects of histamine at peripheral H1 receptor sites	Tablets:  10, 25, and 50 mg Capsules:  25, 50, 100 mg injection:  25 and 50mg/ml	Sedation, tiredness, sleepiness, dizziness, drying and thickening of oral secretions	Relaxes the mom while in labor or before or after labor if having trouble (relieves anxiety), anxiety relieved	
Morphine sulfate

Pain reliever	Selective mu agonist that produces analgesia and sedation by binding with the mu opioid receptor	20 mg morphine and 0.8mg	Anxiety, depression, dizziness	Moderate to severe pain when a continuous opioid analgesic is needed for an extended period of time, not as much pain after med	
Intrathecal

Epidural light	Due to water solubility it has a long duration when administered intrathecally.  Reversibly decrease the rate of depolarization and repolarization of excitable membranes	0.2mg administered intrathecally	Itching and nausea	To prevent feeling the pain of labor, mom doesn’t feel labor pain (just pressure)	
Epidural 

labor pain	Reversibly decrease the rate of depolarization and repolarization of excitable membranes:  inhibit sodium influx through sodium specific ion channels	Ranges patient to patient depending on weight	Loss of muscle power, loss of control of blood pressure due to the loss of the function of the sympathetic nervous system	To prevent mom from feeling labor pain, mom doesn’t feel labor pain	
Local	Reversibly decrease the rate of depolarization and repolarization of excitable membranes:  inhibit sodium influx through sodium specific ion channels	5mg/ml, 10mg/ml, 20mg/ml	Systemic toxicity may affect respirations, heartbeat, and blood pressure	Used either for the episiotomy or for the doctor to stitch up the rip, tear, or episiotomy, doesn’t feel the pain after med	

Erythromycin                ointment	Usually bacteriost disrupts protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria atic	Apply to affected areas  morning and evening.	Burning, dryness, erythema, peeling	Keep bacteria out of the vagina after birth, vaginal canal won’t get infected.	
Vitamin K	Activation of blood-cloting proteins	Tablet:  90mcg	Kidney and liver function are inhibited when taking too much vitamin k	To help the blood clot after birth (to prevent postpartum hemorrhage), blood clots appropriately	
Hepatitis B
vaccine	Non-infections subunit viral vaccine.  The vaccine is derived from the antigen produced through recombinant DNA techniques from yeast cells	IM:  20mcg initially and then 20mcg after 30days.  20mcg is given 6 mo after the first dose	Diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache	To protect mom and baby from Hepatitis B, baby doesn’t contract Hepatitis B	
Methergine	Directly stimulates the uterine muscle to increase force and frequency of contractions:  produces hemostasis (bleeding will stop)	IM 1mL, 0.2mg after delivery; IV same as IM; Orally one tablet, 0.2mg, 3 or 4 times daily for a max of 1 week	Upset stomach diarrhea bad taste in mouth, chest pain, vomiting	Used to treat bleeding from the uterus that can happen after childbirth, bleeding is stopped after childbirth(sound similar to the nipple stimulation)	
Prostin E

dinoprostone	Stimulates the myometrium of the gravid uterus to contract in a manner similar to the contractions see in the term uterus during labor (evacuates the products of conception in the uterus)	Insert intravaginally, gel intracervical	Vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, hot flashes, backache	Stimulate labor and delivery, labor is started	

Hemabate
	Appears to act directly on the myometrium, Carboprost stimulates myometrial contractions in the gravid uterus similar to the contractions during natural labor	250mcg sterile solution IM	Vomiting and diarrhea, nausea	Refractory postpartum uterine bleeding, bleeding is stopped.	
Magnesium Sulfate	May decrease acetylcholine released by nerve impulses, but anticonvulsant mechanism is unknown	4-6g IV over 20min, followed by 2-4g/hr IV infusion for 12-24hrs, after contractions have stopped	Depressed reflexes, drowsiness, bradycardia	To stop the patient contractions, the contractions stop and the labor has stopped temporarily	
Terbutaline	Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2receptors	2.5 to 10mcg/minute IV, increase dosage at 10-20 min intervals until desired effects are achieved	Arrhythmias, dyspnea, tremor	Patients preterm labor, labor will stop temporarily	
Procardia

nifedipine	Decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasoconstriction by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels	10mg capsule swallowed whole, 3 times/day	Fast of slow heartbeats, severe dizziness, psychosis	High blood pressure in pregnancy, blood pressure is controlled	
Toradol

ketorolac tromethamine	May inhibit prostaglandin synthesis to produce anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects	60mg IM or 30mg IV	Headache, renal failure, diaphoresis, pain at site	Short term management of moderately severe pain after childbirth, pain will be managed	

Narcan

naloxone	Competitive antagonist and is rapid blockade of opioid receptors	IM or IV	Chest pain, dry cough, slow heart rate, weak pulse, ringing in your ears.	Narcotic drug that reverses the effects of other narcotic drug, and the baby gets rid of the narcotic drugs and the effects	
Betamethasone	Glucocorticoid receptor agonist	Two doses of 12mg IM 24hrs apart	Acne, dizziness, facial flushing, body discomfort	To enhance the baby’s lung development.  This helps the baby’s lung develop as fully as possible if they are going to be born premature.	
Reglan

metoclopramide hydrochloride	Stimulates motility of upper GI tract, increases lower esophageal sphincter tone, and blocks dopamine receptors at the chemoreceptor trigger zone	10-20mg IM near end of surgical procedure, repeat every 4-6hrs as needed	Seizures, bradycardia, bowel disorders	Use to prevent the mom from nausea and vomiting after cesarean section, mom won’t be nauseas or vomit	
Zofran

ondansetron hydrochloride	May block 5-HT3 in the CNS in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and in the peripheral nervous systemon nerve terminals of the vagus nerve	IV:  single dose of 32mg infused over 15min or three doses of 0.15-mg/kg infused over 15min	Constipation, diarrhea dizziness	Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, patient won’t experience nausea or vomiting after surgery	

General

anesthesia	
Affects the brain cells, this causes unconsciousness, works on GABA	
Slow IV:  50-100mcg/dose, give over 1-2min	
Drowsiness, nausea, vomiting	
Given to mom before surgery 30-60min prior, she won’t feel the pain of a cesarean section	

			

					

Laboratory Test	
Why would this test be performed (what is it’s importance?)	
Usual method of performing (blood draw, urine specimen, etc.)	
Normal Values	
CBC 
Hgb & Hct
	To check and see how much blood the patient has lost	Blood draw	Hgb-12-16
Hct-36-46%	
Blood type
	To see if baby and Mom have same type	Blood draw	O, A, B, AB	
Rh Factor
	To see if baby and Mom have same Rh factor	Blood draw	+ or -

Antibody Screening	To ensure Mom has not created Rh antibodies	Blood draw	No antibodies	
RPR	Test for syphilis	Blood draw	-RPR=no syphilis	
Hbsag	Test for Hep B	Blood draw	-Hbsag=no Hep B	
HIV	Test for HIV	Blood draw	-HIV=no HIV